"OurResearch Receives $7.5M grant from Arcadia to Establish OpenAlex, a Milestone Development for Open Science"


OurResearch is proud to announce a $7.5M grant from Arcadia, to establish a sustainable and completely open index of the world’s research ecosystem. With this 5-year grant, OurResearch expands their open science ambitions to replace paywalled knowledge graphs with OpenAlex. . . .

OpenAlex indexes more than twice as many scholarly works as the leading proprietary products and the entirety of the knowledge graph and its source code are openly licensed and freely available through data snapshots, an easy to use API, and a nascent user interface. . . .

Development of OpenAlex started only two years ago and it already serves 115M API calls per month; underlies a major university ranking; is displacing proprietary products at Universities; and has established partnerships with national governments. We are excited by these early successes of OpenAlex and its promise to revolutionize scholarly communication and democratize the world’s research.

You can use OpenAlex‘s Author Profile Change Request Form, to correct certain types of errors about your publications, such as "My work has been incorrectly attributed to another author."

There is also a Submit a Request form, but it is not clear if this can be used to correct citation count or other types of errors not covered by the above form.

https://tinyurl.com/3396s27m

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"Information Accessibility and Knowledge Creation: The Impact of Google’s Withdrawal from China on Scientific Research"


How important is Google for scientific research? This paper exploits the exogenous shock represented by Google’s sudden withdrawal of its services from mainland China to assess the importance of access to information for the knowledge production function of scientific scholars in the field of economics. For economists, a type of scholar with a simple knowledge production function, results from difference-in-difference analyses, which compare their scientific output to scholars located in the neighbouring regions, show that the scientific productivity declines by about 28% in volume and 30% in terms of citations. These results are consistent with the view that information accessibility is an important driver of scientific progress. Considering that the negative effect of the shock is stronger for top scholars located in China, Google’s sudden exit bears the risk that researchers lose touch with the research frontier and persistently lag behind their foreign peers.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2023.2298293

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"Digital Science Announces Innovative New Research Solutions from Dimensions, Delivering Insights from ~350 Million Publications, Grants, Patents and Clinical Trials through CHATGPT’s Conversational Interface."


With Dimensions Research GPT, any Plus or Enterprise ChatGPT Store subscriber can gain insight from the tens of millions of Open Access publications available through Dimensions, providing a quick and effective search of open research on the user-friendly ChatGPT platform. Search results include clickable links that take users to Dimensions, where they can learn more about source materials.

Dimensions Research GPT Enterprise is available to mutual ChatGPT Enterprise and organization-wide Dimensions customers, and incorporates insights from all publications, grants, clinical trials and patents within the Dimensions database. Queries such as "tell me about clinical trials for malaria vaccines", followed by "tell me about the key research articles that underpin these trials" provide answers that come fully linked to the research literature behind the responses, ensuring that researchers can access and check the source of the information.

https://www.digital-science.com/news/dimensions-research-gpt/

Here is a inquiry I made to Dimensions Research GPT:

Describe the history of the open access movement

The history of the open access movement, which aims to make scholarly research freely available to all, is rich and diverse, involving various stakeholders including researchers, libraries, publishers, and educational institutions. The top results from Dimensions include a range of perspectives and approaches, with a total of 946,585 related documents found.

Perspectives on Open Access Publishing:

Particle Physics and Open Access: Travis C. Brooks (2007) discusses the adoption of open access in particle physics, highlighting the field’s longstanding tradition of preprints and the European efforts towards fully open access publishing models (Brooks, 2007).

Scholarly Publishing System Critique: Molly Kleinman (2017) offers a critical view of the traditional scholarly publishing system and presents the open access movement as a remedy to its drawbacks, emphasizing its benefits for faculty, universities, and the public (Kleinman, 2017).

Academic Publishing Evolution: Bernard Forgues and Sébastien Liarte (2013) reflect on the evolution of academic publishing, discussing the challenges of subscription prices and time embargoes, and how the open access movement aims to reshape scholarly communication (Forgues & Liarte, 2013).

Innovative Open Access Models and Reflections:

Open Access Archives for Education: Bonnie Gordon et al. (2016) describe how Interference Archive uses an open stacks policy for education, allowing for a participatory approach in deciding how histories are told and accessed (Gordon et al., 2016).

Scholarly Knowledge Freedom: Peter Baldwin (2023) examines the past, present, and future of the open access movement, arguing for the free dissemination of scholarly knowledge (Baldwin, 2023).

University Presses and Open Access: Paul Ayris and Lara Speicher (2015) discuss the launch of UCL Press, the UK’s first fully open access university press, highlighting the global movement towards open access and open science (Ayris & Speicher, 2015).

Other Relevant Insights:

MOOCs and Licensing Challenges: David Kernohan (2013) examines the challenges of licensing and intellectual property in the massive open online course (MOOC) movement, advocating for open licenses to maximize content management benefits (Kernohan, 2013).

National Parks and Open Access: Kristian Martinus Mennen (2023) explores the history of the national parks movement in England and Wales, emphasizing its role in providing public access to natural spaces (Mennen, 2023).

In conclusion, the history of the open access movement is characterized by efforts across various fields to make scholarly knowledge freely available, addressing the challenges posed by traditional publishing models and exploring innovative solutions. With 946,585 documents identified, the movement’s impact and evolution continue to be a rich area for exploration and discussion.

This is what Microsoft’s Copilot said:

The Open Access Movement has a rich history spanning several decades. Let’s delve into some key milestones:

Project Gutenberg (1971): Michael Hart launched Project Gutenberg, an initiative to digitize and archive cultural works, making them freely accessible 1.

Psycoloquy (1989): Stevan Harnad launched the free online journal Psycoloquy, which later became a peer-reviewed journal in January 1990 1.

The Public-Access Computer Systems Review (1989): Charles W. Bailey Jr. initiated this free online journal, which transitioned to peer-reviewed status in April 1992 1.

Tim Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web (1990-1991): Tim Berners-Lee proposed the concept of the World Wide Web, leading to its launch in March 1991. This pivotal development facilitated global information sharing 1.

ArXiv (1991): Physicist Paul Ginsparg established ArXiv, an open repository for preprints in physics and related fields 1.

Emergence of E-Journals (Early 1990s): Several e-journals, such as Ejournal, Electronic Journal of Communication, and Postmodern Culture, emerged during this period 1.

Standards for the World Wide Web (1991): Tim Berners-Lee released the standards for the World Wide Web, shaping its growth and accessibility 1.

Project MUSE (1993): The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, in partnership with Johns Hopkins University Press, launched Project MUSE, a pioneer in online distribution that allowed full-text searches 1.

Self-Archiving Proposal (1994): Stevan Harnad proposed self-archiving, advocating for authors to freely share their research 1.

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) (1994): Wayne Marr and Michael Jensen founded SSRN, a platform for sharing working papers and preprints 1.

Open Access Conversion (1994): The print journal Florida Entomologist transitioned to an open-access format, making all previous issues available for free 1.

Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) (1996): Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University launched NDLTD, promoting open access to theses and dissertations 1.

Internet Archive (1996): Brewster Kahle established the Internet Archive, preserving digital content for public access 1.

Medline and PubMed (1997): Medline, initially launched in 1966, became open access and was incorporated into PubMed 1. SciELO (1997): SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) began development as a project supported by FAPESP and BIREME 1.

The Open Access Movement continues to evolve, driven by the vision of making scholarly knowledge freely available to all.

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"Guest Post — There is More to Reliable Chatbots than Providing Scientific References: The Case of ScopusAI"


In October, my institution was granted access to the Beta version of ScopusAI. I have tested it using a concept connected to my PhD dissertation in physics, an "electromagnon". In this post, I want to share my experience and use it to illustrate the many dimensions the design and assessment of such tools need to consider. . . .

[The author provides an extensive description and analysis of the performed tests as well as their broader implications.]

And if AI is only as good as its underlying data, let’s not forget who owns the scholarly data and regulates access to it. Big scholarly publishers have long been using content as a resource to capitalize on. AI tools amplify existing imbalances in access to scholarly text: if a publisher owns the exclusive right to a text, they can train their own AI on it and make this content unavailable to competing AI projects, profiting from the copyright yet again. Currently, most AI research assistants are grounded with abstracts, but the real value is contained in the full text of articles, and accessing them remains very difficult.

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"Will Traffic from Search Engines Fall 25% by 2026?"


Will traffic from search engines to your website drop 25% by 2026 as a result of the rise of generative AI answer engines? That’s what Gartner, a technological research and consulting firm, is predicting. . . . Gartner previously predicted that "organic search traffic will decrease by 50% or more [by 2028] as consumers embrace generative AI-powered search."

http://tinyurl.com/mtxvt8kj

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"OpenAI Wants to Eat Google Search’s Lunch"


OpenAI is reportedly developing a search app that would directly compete with Google Search . . . Microsoft Bing would allegedly power the service from Sam Altman, which could be the most serious threat Google Search has ever faced. Current AI-enabled search engines from Google and Perplexity answer your questions with a clear AI-generated answer, usually in one to two sentences. Then, the engine provides links to its sources below, like a hybrid between an AI chatbot and a search engine. The report says this new search product could be faster than ChatGPT, without sacrificing its powerful summarizing abilities.

http://tinyurl.com/yc65hb5p

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"Google Scholar is Manipulatable"


Citations are widely considered in scientists’ evaluation. As such, scientists may be incentivized to inflate their citation counts. While previous literature has examined self-citations and citation cartels, it remains unclear whether scientists can purchase citations. Here, we compile a dataset of ~1.6 million profiles on Google Scholar to examine instances of citation fraud on the platform. We survey faculty at highly-ranked universities, and confirm that Google Scholar is widely used when evaluating scientists. Intrigued by a citation-boosting service that we unravelled during our investigation, we contacted the service while undercover as a fictional author, and managed to purchase 50 citations. These findings provide conclusive evidence that citations can be bought in bulk, and highlight the need to look beyond citation counts.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04607

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"Google Will No Longer Back Up the Internet: Cached Webpages Are Dead"


Google will no longer be keeping a backup of the entire Internet. Google Search’s "cached" links have long been an alternative way to load a website that was down or had changed, but now the company is killing them off. Google "Search Liaison" Danny Sullivan confirmed the feature removal in an X post, saying the feature "was meant for helping people access pages when way back, you often couldn’t depend on a page loading. These days, things have greatly improved."

http://tinyurl.com/uznbyacn

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"US Repository Network Launches Pilot to Enhance Discoverability of Open Access Content in Repositories"


In November, the US Repository Network (USRN) will launch a pilot project aimed at improving the discoverability of articles in repositories. This pilot project involves the use of services from CORE, a not-for-profit aggregator based at Open University in the UK, to evaluate and improve local repository practices. Additional technical support will be provided by Antleaf Ltd.

As part of the project, CORE will aggregate the metadata and full text of articles from a subset of US repositories, allowing them to be findable through a centralized discovery service with prominent links back to the original full text of the repository. At the same time, the project will assess current practices related to metadata quality, the tracking of Open Access deposits, the use of PIDs, technical support for OAI-PMH, and the adoption of more recent protocols, such as FAIR Signposting. At the level of the centralized aggregation, CORE will enrich the existing US metadata with information from its larger international aggregation. A Dashboard service for participating institutions will be provided, enabling them to assess, validate and monitor their practices.

https://tinyurl.com/2utfpvj3

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"Google SGE [Search Generative Experience]: A New Way to Search, Teach, and Resist"


Google SGE removes many of the barriers that make us doubt our search abilities. We already know that users rarely look past the first page of results or scroll past the fold of a webpage, but with SGE you get exactly what you think is "good enough." However, the more I searched the more disappointed I was that Google continued to serve up the same kinds of sources you usually find at the top of the algorithm, such as Wikipedia pages, blog posts, news, and popular media. The only disclaimer that SGE gives is "Info quality may vary."

https://tinyurl.com/4tntbsbh

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"Digitization and the Market for Physical Works: Evidence from the Google Books Project"


We study the impact of the Google Books digitization project on the market for physical books. We find that digitization significantly boosts the demand for physical versions and provide evidence for the discovery channel. Moreover, digitization allows independent publishers to introduce new editions for existing books, further increasing sales.

https://tinyurl.com/2pbuzty2

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"Creating a Full Multitenant Back End User Experience in Omeka S with the Teams Module"


When Omeka S appeared as a beta release in 2016, it offered the opportunity for researchers or larger organizations to publish multiple Omeka sites from the same installation. Multisite functionality was and continues to be a major advance for what had become the premiere platform for scholarly digital exhibits produced by libraries, museums, researchers, and students. However, while geared to larger institutional contexts, Omeka S poses some user experience challenges on the back end for larger organizations with numerous users creating different sites. These challenges include a "cluttered" effect for many users seeing resources they do not need to access and data integrity challenges due to the possibility of users editing resources that other users need in their current state. The University of Illinois Library, drawing on two local use cases as well as two additional external use cases, developed the Teams module to address these challenges. This article describes the needs leading to the decision to create the module, the project requirement gathering process, and the implementation and ongoing development of Teams. The module and findings are likely to be of interest to other institutions adopting Omeka S but also, more generally, to libraries seeking to contribute successfully to larger open-source initiatives.

https://journal.code4lib.org/articles/17389

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"A Very Small Pond: Discovery Systems That Can Be Used with FOLIO in Academic Libraries"


FOLIO, an open source library services platform, does not have a front end patron interface for searching and using library materials. Any library installing FOLIO will need at least one other software to perform those functions. This article evaluates which systems, in a limited marketplace, are available for academic libraries to use with FOLIO.

https://journal.code4lib.org/articles/17433

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ChatGPT Proof-of-Concept: "Searching for Meaning Rather Than Keywords and Returning Answers Rather Than Links"


Large language models (LLMs) have transformed the largest web search engines: for over ten years, public expectations of being able to search on meaning rather than just keywords have become increasingly realised. Expectations are now moving further: from a search query generating a list of "ten blue links" to producing an answer to a question, complete with citations.

This article describes a proof-of-concept that applies the latest search technology to library collections by implementing a semantic search across a collection of 45,000 newspaper articles from the National Library of Australia’s Trove repository, and using OpenAI’s ChatGPT4 API to generate answers to questions on that collection that include source article citations. It also describes some techniques used to scale semantic search to a collection of 220 million articles.

https://journal.code4lib.org/articles/17443

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"Impact and Development of an Open Web Index for Open Web Search"


Web search is a crucial technology for the digital economy. Dominated by a few gatekeepers focused on commercial success, however, web publishers have to optimize their content for these gatekeepers, resulting in a closed ecosystem of search engines as well as the risk of publishers sacrificing quality. To encourage an open search ecosystem and offer users genuine choice among alternative search engines, we propose the development of an Open Web Index (OWI). We outline six core principles for developing and maintaining an open index, based on open data principles, legal compliance, and collaborative technology development. The combination of an open index with what we call declarative search engines will facilitate the development of vertical search engines and innovative web data products (including, e.g., large language models), enabling a fair and open information space. This framework underpins the EU-funded project OpenWebSearch.EU, marking the first step towards realizing an Open Web Index.

https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24818

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"Powering Research with Dimensions AI Assistant"


Imagine using AI to leverage the power of Dimensions with the click of a button. That’s exactly what you can do with Dimensions AI Assistant: your interaction with the world’s research knowledge is assisted by a powerful AI that takes you beyond keywords to a semantically rich summary with references, fully contextualizing the results and linking them with the literature. Digital Science has announced a closed beta release of Dimensions AI Assistant, which will allow users to achieve their goals quicker by helping them find the most relevant research and receive relevant synposes, leveraging the power of the Dimensions large language model, Dimensions General Science-BERT, and Open AI’s GPT models.

https://tinyurl.com/4w2jfukt

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"Elsevier takes Scopus to the Next Level with Generative AI"


Scopus AI will help early-career researchers and seasoned academics alike through:

  • Summarized views based on Scopus abstracts: Researchers obtain a concise and trustworthy snapshot of any research topic, complete with academic references, reducing lengthy reading time and the risk of hallucinations.
  • Easy navigation to “Go Deeper Links” for extended exploration: Scopus AI provides relevant queries for further exploration, leading to hidden insights in various research topics.
  • Natural language queries: Researchers can ask questions about a subject in a natural, conversational manner.
  • A soon-to-be-added graphical representation, offering new perspectives of interconnected research themes: Scopus AI visually maps search results, offering a comprehensive overview that allows researchers to navigate complex relationships easily.

https://tinyurl.com/27xxj465

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Paywall: "Human-AI Interaction for Exploratory Search & Recommender Systems with Application to Cultural Heritage "


This dissertation introduces three primary contributions through publicly deployed sys- tems and datasets. First, we demonstrate how the construction of large-scale cultural heritage datasets using machine learning can answer interdisciplinary questions in library & information science and the humanities (Chapter 2). Second, based on the feedback of users of these cultural heritage datasets, we introduce open faceted search, an extension of faceted search that leverages human-AI interaction affordances to empower users to define their own facets in an open domain fashion (Chapter 3). Third, encountering similar challenges with the deluge of scientific papers, we explore the question of how to improve recommender systems through human-AI interaction and tackle the broad challenge of advice taking for opaque machine learners (Chapter 4).

https://tinyurl.com/yc59txc5

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"Comparing Different Search Methods for the Open Access Journal Recommendation Tool B!Son"


Finding a suitable open access journal to publish academic work is a complex task: Researchers have to navigate a constantly growing number of journals, institutional agreements with publishers, funders’ conditions and the risk of predatory publishers. To help with these challenges, we introduce a web-based journal recommendation system called B!SON. A systematic requirements analysis was conducted in the form of a survey. The developed tool suggests open access journals based on title, abstract and references provided by the user. The recommendations are built on open data, publisher-independent and work across domains and languages. Transparency is provided by its open source nature, an open application programming interface (API) and by specifying which matches the shown recommendations are based on. The recommendation quality has been evaluated using two different evaluation techniques, including several new recommendation methods. We were able to improve the results from our previous paper with a pre-trained transformer model. The beta version of the tool received positive feedback from the community and in several test sessions. We developed a recommendation system for open access journals to help researchers find a suitable journal. The open tool has been extensively tested, and we found possible improvements for our current recommendation technique. Development by two German academic libraries ensures the longevity and sustainability of the system.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-023-00372-3

| Research Data Publication and Citation Bibliography | Research Data Sharing and Reuse Bibliography | Research Data Curation and Management Bibliography | Digital Scholarship |

"OCLC Introduces AI-generated Book Recommendations in WorldCat.org and WorldCat Find beta"


OCLC is beta testing book recommendations generated by artificial intelligence (AI) in WorldCat.org, the website that allows users to explore the collections of thousands of libraries through a single search. Searchers can now obtain AI-enabled book recommendations for print and e-books and then look for those items in libraries near them. The AI-generated book recommendations beta is now available in WorldCat.org and WorldCat Find, the mobile app extension for WorldCat.org.

https://tinyurl.com/44j4ascr

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"Evaluating the Efficacy of ChatGPT-4 in Providing Scientific References across Diverse Disciplines"


This work conducts a comprehensive exploration into the proficiency of OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4 in sourcing scientific references within an array of research disciplines. Our in-depth analysis encompasses a wide scope of fields including Computer Science (CS), Mechanical Engineering (ME), Electrical Engineering (EE), Biomedical Engineering (BME), and Medicine, as well as their more specialized sub-domains. Our empirical findings indicate a significant variance in ChatGPT-4’s performance across these disciplines. Notably, the validity rate of suggested articles in CS, BME, and Medicine surpasses 65%, whereas in the realms of ME and EE, the model fails to verify any article as valid. Further, in the context of retrieving articles pertinent to niche research topics, ChatGPT-4 tends to yield references that align with the broader thematic areas as opposed to the narrowly defined topics of interest. This observed disparity underscores the pronounced variability in accuracy across diverse research fields, indicating the potential requirement for model refinement to enhance its functionality in academic research. Our investigation offers valuable insights into the current capacities and limitations of AI-powered tools in scholarly research, thereby emphasizing the indispensable role of human oversight and rigorous validation in leveraging such models for academic pursuits.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09914v1

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"The Value of a Diamond: Understanding Global Coverage of Diamond Open Access Journals in Web of Science, Scopus, and OpenAlex to Support an Open Future"


Diamond OA journals present a publishing model that is free for both authors and readers, but their lack of indexing in major bibliographic databases such as Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus presents challenges in assessing the usage of these journals. This paper provides a global picture of the coverage of diamond OA journals from the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) in three data sources. Results show their low coverage in WoS and Scopus and higher coverage in OpenAlex, as well as the generally smaller and local scope of diamond OA journals.

https://tinyurl.com/2mt9sydd

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"Scholarly Recommendation Systems: A Literature Survey"


A scholarly recommendation system is an important tool for identifying prior and related resources such as literature, datasets, grants, and collaborators. A well-designed scholarly recommender significantly saves the time of researchers and can provide information that would not otherwise be considered. The usefulness of scholarly recommendations, especially literature recommendations, has been established by the widespread acceptance of web search engines such as CiteSeerX, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar. This article discusses different aspects and developments of scholarly recommendation systems. We searched the ACM Digital Library, DBLP, IEEE Explorer, and Scopus for publications in the domain of scholarly recommendations for literature, collaborators, reviewers, conferences and journals, datasets, and grant funding. In total, 225 publications were identified in these areas. We discuss methodologies used to develop scholarly recommender systems. Content-based filtering is the most commonly applied technique, whereas collaborative filtering is more popular among conference recommenders. The implementation of deep learning algorithms in scholarly recommendation systems is rare among the screened publications. We found fewer publications in the areas of the dataset and grant funding recommenders than in other areas. Furthermore, studies analyzing users’ feedback to improve scholarly recommendation systems are rare for recommenders. This survey provides background knowledge regarding existing research on scholarly recommenders and aids in developing future recommendation systems in this domain.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-023-01901-x

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