The National Academies Press has released The Case for International Sharing of Scientific Data: A Focus on Developing Countries: Proceedings of a Symposium. (Downloading the report requires registration.)
Here's an excerpt:
The culture of science has been international and open for centuries. Indeed, the scientific enterprise can only work when all information is open and accessible, because science works through critical analysis and replication of results. In recent years, as some scientific data, and especially technological data, have increased in economic value frequently has caused us to be far less open with information than business and free enterprise require us to be. Indeed, the worldwide shift to what is known as open innovation is strengthening every day.
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