Matthew S. Mayernik et al. have published "Peer Review of Datasets: When, Why, and How" in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.
Here's an excerpt:
This paper discusses issues related to data peer review, in particular the peer review processes, needs, and challenges related to the following scenarios: 1) Data analyzed in traditional scientific articles, 2) Data articles published in traditional scientific journals, 3) Data submitted to open access data repositories, and 4) Datasets published via articles in data journals.
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