March 2024 – Page 5 – DigitalKoans

OCUL [Ontario Council of University Libraries] Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence Report and Strategy: Interim Report

This report describes use cases for machine learning relevant to the OCUL consortium and recommends projects utilizing machine learning technologies. It also considers key contextual issues such as ethical concerns, technical capacity, available expertise, and infrastructure needs. All sections are drafts with some sections more fully developed than others

https://tinyurl.com/38cjdn9p

Senior Applications Developer at Duke University

Provides computational support for Duke University Libraries’ mission of partnering with campus researchers. Develops new features and applications, while maintaining existing platforms and keeping software components updated to current releases. Participates in Agile development teams and consults with partners and stakeholders on digital initiatives. Acts as lead developer for selected software projects.

https://tinyurl.com/4axtsn9f

"Responsible AI at the Vanderbilt Television News Archive: A Case Study"

We provide an overview of the use of machine-learning and artificial intelligence at the Vanderbilt Television News Archive (VTNA). After surveying our major initiatives to date, which include the full transcription of the collection using a custom language model deployed on Amazon Web Services (AWS), we address some ethical considerations we encountered, including the possibility of staff downsizing and misidentification of individuals in news recordings.

https://doi.org/10.7191/jeslib.805

Data Literacies Lead at Stony Brook University

Reporting to the Head of Academic Engagement, the Data Literacies Lead is responsible for building a robust data literacies program with campus partners to meet the needs of evolving data science and AI-related learning and scholarship.

https://apply.interfolio.com/141835

"Using AI/Machine Learning to Extract Data from Japanese American Confinement Records"

Purpose: This paper examines the use of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning to extract a more comprehensive data set from a structured “standardized” form used to document Japanese American incarcerees during World War II.

Setting/Participants/Resources: The Bancroft Library partnered with Densho, a community memory organization, and Doxie.AI to complete this work.

Brief Description: The project digitized the complete set of Form WRA-26 "individual record"’ for more than 110,000 Japanese Americans incarcerated in War Relocation Authority camps during WWII. The library utilized AI/machine learning to automate text extraction from over 220,000 images of a structured "standardized" form; our goal was to improve upon and collect information not previously recorded in the Japanese American Internee Data file held by the National Archives and Records Administration. The project team worked with technical, academic, legal, and community partners to address ethical and logistical issues raised by the data extraction process, and to assess appropriate access options for the dataset(s) and digitized records.

https://doi.org/10.7191/jeslib.850

Research Data Management Consultant at Duke University

As part of Duke University’s commitment to building a robust campus wide infrastructure for research data management, the Research Data Management Consultant (RDMC) provides consulting and instruction in the policies, resources, and methods of data management. The RDMC will partner with researchers, students, and other data management groups at Duke to develop a program that is responsive to local needs while informed by current developments in data management policy and technology. This position will also engage with national and international data management and curation groups in sharing best practices, coordinating efforts, and conducting research to improve academic data management and curation.

https://tinyurl.com/26emcczt

"The Implementation of Keenious at Carnegie Mellon University"

n the fall of 2022, the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Libraries began investigating Keenious—an artificial intelligence (AI)-based article recommender tool&mdashfor a possible trial implementation to improve pathways to resource discovery and assist researchers in more effectively searching for relevant research. This process led to numerous discussions within the library regarding the unique nature of AI-based tools when compared with traditional library resources, including ethical questions surrounding data privacy, algorithmic transparency, and the impact on the research process. This case study explores these topics and how they were negotiated up to and immediately following CMU’s implementation of Keenious in January, 2023, and highlights the need for more frameworks for evaluating AI-based tools in academic settings.

https://doi.org/10.7191/jeslib.800

Software Developer at University of Pittsburgh

At various times the Software Developer will perform in all areas of systems analysis, system design, needs assessment, software development, interface design and development, software support, and resource planning for numerous library-related applications. The Software Developer will work on data import/export processes and data transformations to move data between disparate systems.

https://tinyurl.com/5ejhmeej

Paywall: "Evaluating the Performance of ChatGPT and Perplexity AI in Business Reference"

The Thomas Mahaffey Jr. Business Library conducted a study to assess the performance of two competing generative AI products, ChatGPT and Perplexity AI, in answering business reference questions. The study used a data set consisting of a sample of anonymized reference questions submitted through the library’s ServiceNow ticketing system between January 2018 and May 2022. The questions were input as prompts to each competing AI. . . . Results showed similar and underwhelming performance between each AI at the composite level. Analysis of scores in each individual scoring dimension showed greater variance in the score distributions between the competing AI. Through the evaluation process, key strengths, weaknesses, and trends emerged between each AI.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08963568.2024.2317534

Digital Scholarship Librarian at University of California, Irvine

Reporting to the Head of Digital Scholarship Services (DSS), the Digital Scholarship Librarian is a collaborative team member within the DSS department, works closely with subject liaison librarians, and engages with faculty, students, and other researchers across campus. The librarian provides broad digital research support through appointments, workshops and tutorials, and direct collaboration with researchers. Areas in which researchers on campus currently see increasing need include statistical analysis, cultural analytics, data visualization, and digital publishing, especially within the social sciences.

https://recruit.ap.uci.edu/JPF08192

Paywall: "Leveraging ChatGPT and Bard for Academic Librarians and Information Professionals: A Case Study of Developing Pedagogical Strategies Using Generative AI Models"

This study focuses on improving pedagogical strategies by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots and library databases. Examples from ChatGPT and Bard were used to demonstrate the quality of information. A cross-examination using a research validation template was conducted; it revealed that no artificial hallucinations were produced. However, the information provided by both AI chatbots was slightly outdated based on organizational changes and did not provide an in-depth analysis of the company.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08963568.2024.2321729

Scholarly Communications Librarian at University of Florida

This twelve-month, tenure-track faculty position educates the university community about modes of open access scholarly publication, copyright and intellectual property issues and their impact on scholarly inquiry and instruction. The Scholarly Communications Librarian will form strong collaborations with colleagues across the libraries to provide training and consultant services to strengthen and broaden copyright and publishing competencies within the Libraries. The Scholarly Communications Librarian also provides guidance on repository services and support for researchers’ publication, preservation, and funder compliance needs. This includes advising on the Institutional Repository at the University of Florida (IR@UF) as well as general, funder, and subject-specific repositories. This will include maintenance and outreach supporting the UF Author Rights Policy, implemented in Spring 2022.

https://tinyurl.com/yc6vn2y2

"FAIRness of Research Data in the European Humanities Landscape "

This paper explores the landscape of research data in the humanities in the European context, delving into their diversity and the challenges of defining and sharing them. It investigates three aspects: the types of data in the humanities, their representation in repositories, and their alignment with the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable). By reviewing datasets in repositories, this research determines the dominant data types, their openness, licensing, and compliance with the FAIR principles. This research provides important insight into the heterogeneous nature of humanities data, their representation in the repository, and their alignment with FAIR principles, highlighting the need for improved accessibility and reusability to improve the overall quality and utility of humanities research data.

https://doi.org/10.3390/publications12010006

Electronic Resources Librarian at Kansas State University

The individual in this position will work collaboratively with a variety of library stakeholders to deliver innovative solutions for the management and expansion of electronic resources and serials in ways that maximize value and access to content for students, faculty, and staff. Serving as a functional lead for the management of e-resources throughout the entire e-resources lifecycle, the successful candidate will leverage technologies and collaborate with cross-trained staff to solve problems, maintain efficient workflows and ensure proper metadata for e-resource content./blockquote>

https://tinyurl.com/fcbeyb5r

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"A Decade of Progress: Insights of Open Data Practices in Biosciences at the University of Edinburgh"

Our analysis of research data sharing from 2014 to 2022 manually reviewed 193 journal articles against criteria for Openness and FAIRness, including the Completeness of data shared relative to data generated. The findings reveal an uptick in data completeness and reusability, with a clear influence of data type, and genomic data being shared more frequently than image data. Data availability statements (DAS) and preprint sharing show a strong correlation with higher Openness and FAIRness scores. Since 2016, when the FAIR guidelines were published, data Reusability increased along with the inclusion of Data Availability Statements. On the other hand, since the COVID-19 pandemic, we have found a substantial increase in preprint sharing and significant improvements in Completeness, Reusability, and Accessibility scores. This paper documents a local research institute’s journey towards Open Data, addressing the changes and advocating for best practices to nurture this progression.

https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.18.580901

Licensing Analyst at Florida Virtual Campus

As a member of FLVC Library Services, the Licensing Analyst is responsible for license management and negotiation of terms by FLVC on behalf of the State University System (SUS) and the Florida College System (FCS) pursuant to Florida Statute 1006.73. This position interacts with statewide FLVC stakeholders, providing access to library e-resources for more than 1.3 million students, faculty, and staff across all FCS and SUS institutions.

https://tinyurl.com/4abhnwa8

"De Gruyter Brill Begins Here"

De Gruyter and Brill have joined forces to form De Gruyter Brill, a leading academic publisher in the humanities and beyond. To mark the occasion, a new corporate website has been launched today at degruyterbrill.com.

With combined pro forma revenues of approximately €140 million and 750 employees, De Gruyter Brill is uniquely positioned to offer outstanding services and technological infrastructure tailored to the needs of academic authors, librarians, and institutions around the world. Together, De Gruyter Brill publishes well over 3,500 books and 800 journals per year, with a particularly strong focus on the humanities and social sciences, while extending to subject areas in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

https://tinyurl.com/27e8szc2

Data Librarian at UConn Health

Providing workshops and instruction for the UConn Health research community (faculty, staff, and students) on data management and sharing topics, including funder requirements, best practices, workflows to improve quality, FAIR Principles (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability), CARE Standards (collective benefit, authority to control, responsibility, and ethics), publication and citation of data, locating relevant data sets for use in research, and ethical and responsible use of sensitive data.

Providing guidance and consultation for researchers in the development of data management plans, development of best practices, selection of data repositories, and preparing data for preservation.

Collaborating with colleagues in Reference Services, the Health Sciences Library, and across the research community to plan and develop research data services.

https://tinyurl.com/2s3n7z8e

"Anthropic Says Its Latest AI Bot Can Beat Gemini and ChatGPT"

Anthropic, the AI company started by several former OpenAI employees, says the new Claude 3 family of AI models performs as well as or better than leading models from Google and OpenAI. Unlike earlier versions, Claude 3 is also multimodal, able to understand text and photo inputs.

Anthropic says Claude 3 will answer more questions, understand longer instructions, and be more accurate. Claude 3 can understand more context, meaning it can process more information.

https://tinyurl.com/yb3dw8u7

Systems and Metadata Librarian at Bard College

Manages and maintains administration of the online library services platform (LSP), OCLC WorldShare Management Services, and discovery tool, WorldCat Discovery

Performs original and complex cataloging of library materials in all formats and a variety of languages; maintains batch processing of metadata for electronic resources. . . .

Develops, initiates, and interprets policies, practices, workflows, and goals relating to bibliographic access and evolving metadata practice

https://tinyurl.com/3d4bkmwb

Artificial intelligence News 03/04/24

"Adobe Is Testing a New AI Tool That Can Create Music From Text Prompts"

"The Best Generative AI Courses Money Can Buy"

"Generative AI Is Challenging a 234-Year-Old Law"

"How to Picture A.I."

"Is ChatGPT Making Scientists Hyper-Productive? The Highs and Lows of Using AI"

"StarCoder Is a Code-Generating AI That Runs on Most GPUs"

"‘Up to 1,000X Faster’: AI Startup Wants to Make GPU Training Obsolete with an Extraordinary Piece of Tech — Meet the Tseltin Machine Which May Come To a Device near You Sooner than You Think"

Scholarly Communication Librarian at LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Reporting to the Associate Director of Libraries, the Scholarly Communications Librarian provides general and virtual information, research, and reference services. . . . Explores, evaluates, and encourages deployment of emergent technologies into library programs and services. The Scholarly Communications Librarian collaborates closely with staff across the library and initiates activities and special projects, especially those involving new methodologies and scholarly communication practices. The incumbent develops and maintains awareness of scholarly communication initiatives across the disciplines, attending professional meetings, workshops and conferences for training and continuing professional development.

https://tinyurl.com/4u97d853

"Choice of Open Access in Elsevier Hybrid Journals"

Open access articles in hybrid journals have recently increased despite high article processing charges. This study investigated the impacts of grants and transformative agreements on authors’ choice of open and non-open access articles by comparing two article types. The samples were hybrid journals launched independently by Elsevier. The results revealed that the authors who received more grants in countries with transformative agreements were more likely to choose open access articles. By contrast, authors in developing countries were likely to publish non-open access articles. These findings imply that authors’ choices depend on the funding systems and open access policies in individual countries. Consequently, open access may become a barrier to the dissemination of work for researchers who have financial difficulty choosing open access, although it enables everyone to access articles free of charge.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-024-09978-0

Data Librarian at University of Nevada Las Vegas

Facilitate and lead instructional programming related to research data management, data literacy, and open science/research including the design, development, and delivery of instruction through multiple formats to meet stakeholder needs (e.g., in-person, hybrid, synchronous and asynchronous online).

Advise and guide researchers on recommended data management practices throughout the research lifecycle that align with FAIR and CARE data principles, with an emphasis on making data open when possible.

Provide input and guidance to researchers in selecting appropriate data repositories to store and share their data.

https://tinyurl.com/bddapp5w

"The Cost and Price of Public Access to Research Data: A Synthesis"

Beginning on or before 31 December 2025, all recipients of United States federal research funding will be required to make their federally funded scholarly outputs, including scientific data, freely available via public access venues with no delays or embargos. This paper focuses on research data as one of the key scholarly output types impacted by the requirements outlined in the Memorandum on Ensuring Free, Immediate and Equitable Access to Federally Funded Research issued by the US Office of Science and Technology Policy ?OSTP?, commonly called the "Nelson memo."

This paper sets out working definitions of four key terms: cost, price, reasonable, and allowable. Using these terms, we describe some of the pathways research data take to final publication, and summarize some of the extensive body of research on the costs of research data curation and sharing. We conclude that, for repositories leveraging sources of revenue other than deposit fees or other revenue streams that do not immediately scale up with increased deposits, sustainability is an important concern.

In the process, we look at cost modelling experimentation in the fields of research data management and digital preservation to consider what might be relevant from their approaches. Labour is the most significant cost for repositories and data curation, particularly in support of ingest and access, although the actual cost of data curation in repositories varies by discipline, characteristics of data, and level of curatorial services provided. If "reasonable” cost is not readily generalizable, greater clarity regarding allowable activities and more transparency in repositories" costs would aid researchers and funders in evaluating whether any deposit, membership, or other form of fees that are charged are appropriate for the services rendered. Where some or all of the effort associated with meeting public access requirements is performed by members of the research team, costs could be properly allocated to research and to publication components of grant budgets.

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10729575